Table of Contents
List of Contributors vii Foreword x
Preface xi
1 Anatomy of the Human Ureter 1
2 Anatomic Variations of the Ureter 10
3 The Pathophysiology of Upper Tract Obstruction 16
4 Physiology of the Human Ureter 29
5 Etiology of Ureteric Obstruction 48
6 The Role of the Interventional Radiologist in Managing Ureteric Obstruction 55
7 Emergency Management of Ureteric Obstruction 67
8 The History and Evolution of Ureteral Stents 75
9 Ureteral Stent Materials: Past, Present, and Future 83
10 Physical Characteristics of Stents 91
11 Coated and Drug-Eluting Stents 102
12 Coated and Drug-Eluting Ureteric Stents 110
13 Ureteric Stents: A Perspective from the Developing World 118
14 Ethical Issues in Ureteric Stenting 130
15 Equipment and Technical Considerations During Ureteric Stenting 136
16 Extra-Anatomic Stent Urinary Bypass 149
17 Detour Extra-Anatomical Ureteric Stent 161
18 Tandem Ureteral Stents 175
19 Biodegradable Ureteric Stents 182
20 Metallic Ureteric Stents 192
21 Removal of Ureteric Stents 203
22 Encrustation of Indwelling Urinary Devices 215
23 Stent Migration 227
24 Health-Related Quality of Life and Ureteric Stents 238
25 Evidence Base for Stenting 264
26 Robotic Ureteric Reconstruction 278
27 Indwelling Ureteric Stents – Health Economics Considerations 287
28 Ureteric Stents: The Future 296
Index 298
