Vaccines E-Book

by Stanley A. Plotkin MD, Walter Orenstein MD, DSc (HON), Paul A. Offit MD

Overview

Apply the latest vaccination knowledge with a reference that Bill Gates calls "an indispensable guide to the enhancement of the well-being of our world." Inside Vaccines, you’ll find comprehensive and current coverage of every aspect of vaccination, from the development of each vaccine to its use in reducing disease. This medical reference book offers the expert information you need to apply the very latest techniques and information in your practice!

• Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability.
• Gain a complete understanding of each disease, including clinical characteristics, microbiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as epidemiology and public health and regulatory issues.
• Update your knowledge of both existing vaccines and vaccines currently in the research and development stage.
• Get complete answers on each vaccine, including its stability, immunogenicity, efficacy, duration of immunity, adverse events, indications, contraindications, precautions, administration with other vaccines, and disease-control strategies.
• Analyze the cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness of different vaccine options.
• Clearly visualize concepts and objective data through an abundance of tables and figures.

• Make optimal use of the latest vaccines for pneumococcal disease, rotavirus, human papillomavirus, herpes zoster, meningococcal disease, and much more.
• Stay at the forefront of new developments with completely updated chapters on malaria and HIV vaccines, a new chapter on vaccine regulations across the world, and many other revisions throughout.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781455737987
Publisher:	Elsevier Health Sciences
Publication date:	09/22/2012
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	1570
File size:	143 MB
Note:	This product may take a few minutes to download.

About the Author

Plotkin, Stanley A., MD (Univ of Pennsylvania); Orenstein, Walter A., MD (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

Table of Contents

Contents

Foreword ix

Preface to the first edition x

Preface to the sixth edition x

Preface by Editor in Chief xi

List of Contributors xii

Dedication xix

Acknowledgements xix

SECTION 1: General aspects of vaccination

1 A short history of vaccination 1

Susan L. Plotkin, Stanley A. Plotkin

2 Vaccine immunology 14

Claire-Anne Siegrist

3 The vaccine industry 33

R. Gordon Douglas, Vijay B. Samant

4 Vaccine manufacturing 44

Phillip L. Gomez, James M. Robinson, Joseph A. Rogalewicz

5 Evolution of adjuvants across the centuries 58

Nathalie Garçon, Stanley Hem, Martin Friede

6 Vaccine additives and manufacturing residuals in the United States:

licensed vaccines 71

Theresa M. Finn, William Egan

7 Passive immunization 80

E. Richard Stiehm, Margaret A. Keller

8 General immunization practices 88

Andrew T. Kroger, William L. Atkinson, Larry K. Pickering

SECTION 2: Licensed vaccines

9 Adenovirus vaccines 113

Gregory C. Gray

10 Anthrax vaccines 127

Arthur M. Friedlander, John D. Grabenstein, Phillip S. Brachman

11 Cholera vaccines 141

John D. Clemens, Sunheang Shin, Binod K. Sah, David A. Sack

12 Diphtheria toxoid 153

Tejpratap S. P. Tiwari, Melinda Wharton

13 Haemophilus influenzae vaccines 167

Aruna Chandran, James P. Watt, Mathuram Santosham

14 Hepatitis A vaccines 183

Trudy V. Murphy, Stephen M. Feinstone, Beth P. Bell

15 Hepatitis B vaccines 205

Pierre Van Damme, John Ward, Daniel Shouval, Steven Wiersma, Alessandro Zanetti

16 Human papillomavirus vaccines 235

John T. Schiller, Douglas R. Lowy, Lauri E. Markowitz

17 Inactivated influenza vaccines 257

Anthony E. Fiore, Carolyn B. Bridges, Jacqueline M. Katz, Nancy J. Cox

18 Influenza vaccine—live 294

Catherine J. Luke, Seema S. Lakdawala, Kanta Subbarao

19 Japanese encephalitis vaccines 312

Scott B. Halstead, Julie Jacobson, Katrin Dubischar-Kastner

20 Measles vaccines 352

Peter M. Strebel, Mark J. Papania, Amy Parker Fiebelkorn, Neal A. Halsey

21 Meningococcal vaccines 388

Dan M. Granoff, Stephen Pelton, Lee H. Harrison

22 Mumps vaccine 419

Steven A. Rubin, Stanley A. Plotkin

23 Pertussis vaccines . 447

Kathryn M. Edwards, Michael D. Decker

24 Plague vaccines 493

E. Diane Williamson, Petra C. F. Oyston

25 Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and pneumococcal common protein vaccines 504

Keith P. Klugman, Steven Black, Ron Dagan, Richard Malley, Cynthia G. Whitney

26 Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines 542

Lisa A. Jackson

27 Poliovirus vaccine—inactivated . 573

Emmanuel Vidor, Stanley A. Plotkin

28 Poliovirus vaccine—live 598

Roland W. Sutter, Olen M. Kew, Stephen L. Cochi, R. Bruce Aylward

29 Rabies vaccines .646

Charles E. Rupprecht, Stanley A. Plotkin

30 Rotavirus vaccines . 669

H. Fred Clark, Paul A. Offit, Umesh D. Parashar

31 Rubella vaccine 688

Susan E. Reef, Stanley A. Plotkin

32 Smallpox and vaccinia 718

Richard B. Kennedy, J. Michael Lane, Donald A. Henderson, Gregory A. Poland

33 Tetanus toxoid 746

Martha H. Roper, Steven G. F. Wassilak, Tejpratap S. P. Tiwari, Walter A. Orenstein

34 Tick-borne encephalitis virus vaccines 773

P. Noel Barrett, Daniel Portsmouth, Hartmut J. Ehrlich

35 Tuberculosis vaccines 789

Kim Connelly Smith, Ian M. Orme, Jeffrey R. Starke

36 Typhoid fever vaccines 812

Myron M. Levine

37 Varicella vaccine 837

Anne A. Gershon, Michiaki Takahashi, Jane F. Seward

38 Yellow fever vaccine 870

Thomas P. Monath, Mark Gershman, J. Erin Staples, Alan D. T. Barrett

39 Zoster vaccine 969

Myron J. Levin

40 Combination vaccines 981

Michael D. Decker, Kathryn M. Edwards, Hugues H. Bogaerts

SECTION 3: Vaccines in development and new vaccine strategies

41 Biodefense and special pathogen vaccines 1008

Phillip R. Pittman, Stanley A. Plotkin

42 Therapeutic cancer vaccines 1018

Neil L. Berinstein, Jeffrey A. Berinstein

43 Cytomegalovirus vaccines 1032

Mark R. Schleiss, Stanley A. Plotkin

44 Dengue vaccines 1042

Scott B. Halstead, Stephen J. Thomas

45 Diarrhea caused by bacteria 1052

James P. Nataro, Eileen M. Barry

46 Ebola vaccine 1060

Nancy J. Sullivan, Hugues F. Fausther-Bovendo, Gary J. Nabel

47 Epstein-Barr virus vaccines 1068

Viviana P. Lutzky, Denis J. Moss

48 Hepatitis C vaccines 1074

Sergio Abrignani, Eva Reali, Michael Houghton, Raffaele De Francesco

49 Hepatitis E vaccines 1085

Robert H. Purcell, Suzanne U. Emerson

50 Herpes simplex virus vaccines 1090

Lawrence R. Stanberry, Robert B. Belshe

51 Human immunodeficiency virus vaccines 1097

Marc P. Girard, Wayne C. Koff

52 Lyme disease vaccines 1122

Allen C. Steere, Ian Livey

53 Malaria vaccines 1133

W. Ripley Ballou, Joe Cohen

54 Noninfectious disease vaccines 1138

Philippe Saudan, Martin F. Bachmann

55 Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus vaccines 1146

Ruth A. Karron

56 Parasitic disease vaccines 1154

Peter J. Hotez, Jeffrey M. Bethony

57 Staphylococcus aureus vaccines 1161

Robert S. Daum

58 Streptococcus group A vaccines 1169

Karen L. Kotloff

59 Streptococcus group B vaccines 1176

C. Mary Healy, Carol J. Baker

60 Technologies for making new vaccines 1182

Ronald W. Ellis, Rino Rappuoli, Sohail Ahmed

61 Alternative vaccine delivery methods 1200

Bruce G. Weniger, Mark J. Papania

62 The development of gene-based vectors for immunization 1232

David B. Weiner, Gary J. Nabel

SECTION 4: Vaccination of special groups

63 Vaccination of immunocompromised hosts 1243

Per Ljungman

64 Vaccination of human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons 1257

William J. Moss, Catherine G. Sutcliffe, Neal A. Halsey

65 Vaccines for international travel 1270

Elizabeth D. Barnett, Phyllis E. Kozarsky, Robert Steffen

66 Vaccines for health care personnel 1290

David J. Weber, William A. Rutala

SECTION 5: Public health and regulatory issues

67 Immunization in the United States 1310

Lance E. Rodewald, Walter A. Orenstein, Alan R. Hinman, Anne Schuchat

68 Immunization in Europe . 1334

David M. Salisbury, Rebecca M. Martin, Pierre Van Damme, Pier Luigi Lopalco

69 Immunization in the Asia-Pacific region 1353

Theodore F. Tsai, Hans Bock, Zhi Yi Xu

70 Immunization in developing countries 1369

Violaine Mitchell, Vance J. Dietz, Jean Marie Okwo-Bele, Felicity T. Cutts

71 Community immunity 1395

Paul E. M. Fine, Kim Mulholland

72 Economic analyses of vaccine policies 1413

Mark A. Miller, Alan R. Hinman

73 Regulation and testing of vaccines 1427

Norman W. Baylor, Valerie B. Marshall

74 Regulation of vaccines in Europe 1447

Falk Ehmann, Xavier Kurz, Marco Cavaleri, Peter R. Arlett

75 Regulation of vaccines in developing countries 1454

Lahouari Belgharbi, Nora Dellepiane, David J. Wood

76 Vaccine safety 1464

Paul A. Offit, Frank DeStefano

77 Legal issues . 1481

Geoffrey Evans, Emily Marcus Levine, Anna L. Jacobs

78 Ethics 1508

Arthur L. Caplan, Jason L. Schwartz

Appendix 1514

Deborah L. Wexler, Teresa A. Anderson, Mary R. Quirk

Index .1521

Editorial Reviews

4 Stars! from Doody

This is the second edition of a useful book that describes the vaccines available in current clinical practice. Since the publication of the first edition 6 years ago, there has been considerable progress in the field, in particular in the development of new vaccines for H. influenzae disease. These new areas of vaccine development are nicely summarized in the new edition. The role of sociological and political influences on vaccine development, delivery, and utilization is intelligently considered. The purpose is to serve as a guide for the clinician. Scholarly in overview and detailed in historical perspective, the book nevertheless manages to retain a high degree of clinical relevance. There is some awkwardness as the book transitions from descriptions of those vaccines currently in routine use to those that have only recently been developed. Some sections of the book, particularly the sections detailing the development of poliomyelitis vaccines, also suffer from some repetitiveness. However, the overall impression is of a book that should serve as a comprehensive reference volume that not only chronicles the history of vaccine development to date, but also anticipates the imminent release and clinical use of new vaccines such as the hepatitis A vaccine and acellular pertussis vaccines. The authors suggest that this book is directed at the practitioner, and largely this is the case. A most helpful feature of the book is the appendix that provides ""at a glance"" summaries of current ACIP recommendations, individual state immunization requirements, and a guide to contraindications and precautions to immunizations. This book would make an outstanding and practical additionto the personal library of any provider of primary care. It will also have wide value to basic scientists interested in ""real-world"" clinical and political overviews of vaccine usage and development as well as to students of the history of medicine.

Mark R. Schleiss

In this third edition, the editors have provided an even more comprehensive review of the subject of vaccines than previously (the second edition appeared in 1994). The editors include everything from manufacturing processes to general immunization practices with additional discussions for each vaccine. The preface does not contain a description of the purpose, but this book is clearly meant to provide a comprehensive description of vaccines. This is definitely a worthy objective, especially in this era when biotechnology is churning out new candidate antigens, pharmaceutical interest is high, and vaccines have taken on a more political dimension. The objectives are certainly met and exceeded; timely discussions for each vaccine are provided, and excellent introductory chapters in immunology, vaccine manufacturing, and general immunization practices are included. The book is aimed at several audiences. The chapters are complete enough to provide an excellent introduction to each topic for the student, resident, or practitioner but also detailed enough to add to the knowledge of infectious disease experts. There is no doubt as to the qualification of the editor and most of the contributors. The book contains a comprehensive review of vaccines written by authorities in the field. Several chapters serve as an excellent introduction to the field of vaccinology. The inclusion of chapters on manufacturing process, quality assurance, regulatory issues, legal issues, and new technologies, in addition to reviews of all licensed vaccines, all contribute to make this an excellent text. Each chapter is well illustrated and referenced and provides an introduction to the pathogen and clinicaldisease manifestations preceding a comprehensive review of the vaccine. The average reference list must approach 300. This is a superbly written and illustrated review of vaccines. This edition is considerably enlarged with important new additions reviewing immunology, production practices, new technologies, etc., without compromising the in-depth discussion of each licensed vaccine. Chapters on immunization for healthcare workers, for foreign travel, and immunization of the immunocompromised further enhance the practical aspect of this edition. This book will be a valuable addition to the library of both the novice and the expert in the field of vaccinology. There is no other book that covers the field of vaccine as thoroughly or enjoyably as this one.

David I. Bernstein

With its extensive index, this well illustrated book is an invaluable tool and reference text that belongs in all medical libraries. It will please all who work with vaccines, showing that, while vaccines account for only one percent of the drug market, they give much health to humankind.

Journal of the American Medical Association