| Introduction | 1 |
| Contempt for human nature | |
| Pathology of goodness | |
| Freedom | |
| Value of science | |
| Part 1 | The Place of Habit in Conduct | |
| Section I | Habits as Social Functions | 14 |
| Habits as functions and arts | |
| Social complicity | |
| Subject factor | |
| Section II | Habits and Will | 24 |
| Active means | |
| Ideas of ends | |
| Means and ends | |
| Nature of character | |
| Section III | Character and Conduct | 43 |
| Good will and consequences | |
| Virtues and natural goods | |
| Objective and subjective morals | |
| Section IV | Custom and Habit | 58 |
| Human psychology is social | |
| Habit as conservative | |
| Mind and body | |
| Section V | Custom and Morality | 75 |
| Customs as standards | |
| Authority of standards | |
| Class conflicts | |
| Section VI | Habit and Social Psychology | 84 |
| Isolation of individuality | |
| Newer movements | |
| Part 2 | The Place of Impulse in Conduct | |
| Section I | Impulses and Change of Habits | 89 |
| Present interest in instincts | |
| Impulses as re-organizing | |
| Section II | Plasticity of Impulse | 95 |
| Impulse and education | |
| Uprush of impulse | |
| Fixed codes | |
| Section III | Changing Human Nature | 106 |
| Habits the inert factor | |
| Modification of impulses | |
| War a social function | |
| Economic regimes as social products | |
| Nature of motives | |
| Section IV | Impulse and Conflict of Habits | 125 |
| Possibility of social betterment | |
| Conservatism | |
| Section V | Classification of Instincts | 131 |
| False simplifications | |
| "self-love" | |
| Will to power | |
| Acquisitive and creative | |
| Section VI | No Separate Instincts | 149 |
| Uniqueness of acts | |
| Possibilities of operation | |
| Necessity of play and art | |
| Rebelliousness | |
| Section VII | Impulse and Thought | 169 |
| Part 3 | The Place of Intelligence in Conduct | |
| Section I | Habit and Intelligence | 172 |
| Habits and intellect | |
| Mind, habit and impulse | |
| Section II | The Psychology of Thinking | 181 |
| The trinity of intellect | |
| Conscience and its alleged separate subject-matter | |
| Section III | The Nature of Deliberation | 189 |
| Deliberation as imaginative rehearsal | |
| Preference and choice | |
| Strife of reason and passion | |
| Nature of reason | |
| Section IV | Deliberation and Calculation | 199 |
| Error in utilitarian theory | |
| Place of the pleasant | |
| Hedonistic calculus | |
| Deliberation and prediction | |
| Section V | The Uniqueness of Good | 210 |
| Fallacy of a single good | |
| Applied to utilitarianism | |
| Profit and personality | |
| Means and ends | |
| Section VI | The Nature of Aims | 223 |
| Theory of final ends | |
| Aims as directive means | |
| Ends as justifying means | |
| Meaning well as an aim | |
| Wishes and aims | |
| Section VII | The Nature of Principles | 238 |
| Desire for certainty | |
| Morals and probabilities | |
| Importance of generalizations | |
| Section VIII | Desire and Intelligence | 248 |
| Object and consequence of desire | |
| Desire and quiescence | |
| Self-deception in desire | |
| Desire needs intelligence | |
| Nature of idealism | |
| Living in the ideal | |
| Section IX | The Present and Future | 265 |
| Subordination of activity to result | |
| Control of future | |
| Production and consummation | |
| Idealism and distant goals | |
| Part 4 | Conclusion | |
| Section I | The Good of Activity | 278 |
| Better and worse | |
| Morality a process | |
| Evolution and progress | |
| Optimism | |
| Epicureanism | |
| Making others happy | |
| Section II | Morals are Human | 295 |
| Humane morals | |
| Natural law and morals | |
| Place of science | |
| Section III | What is Freedom? | 303 |
| Elements in freedom | |
| Capacity in action | |
| Novel possibilities | |
| Force of desire | |
| Section IV | Morality is Social | 314 |
| Conscience and responsibility | |
| Social pressure and opportunity | |
| Exaggeration of blame | |
| Importance of social psychology | |
| Category of right | |
| The community as religious symbol | |
| Index | 333 |
